The 29-year-old Diouf joins Rennes goalkeeper Abdoulaye Diallo on the sidelines for the September 2 match in Dakar, as well as the return fixture in Ouagadougou three days later.
Senegal are third in Group D with three points from two matches and trail leaders Burkina Faso and second-placed South Africa by one point. Cape Verde are bottom after back-to-back defeats.
Only the group winners will qualify for next year’s finals in Russia.
Download our app and read this and other great stories on the move. Available for Android and iOS.
