After months of high tensions over the North’s weapons ambitions — last year it launched missiles capable of reaching the US mainland and carried out its most powerful nuclear test to date, proclaiming it a hydrogen bomb — events have moved quickly in recent days.
In his New Year speech, Kim said the country had completed its nuclear deterrent — Pyongyang says it needs to defend itself against a US invasions — and he had a “nuclear button on my desk”.
At the same time he made overtures to Seoul, saying Pyongyang could send athletes to the Winter Olympics the South is hosting next month and expressing a willingness to discuss the issue.
It was a 180-degree turnaround for the North, which has long ignored South Korean President Moon Jae-In’s efforts to engage it.
Since then the two sides have reopened a communications hotline and agreed to talks next week at Panmunjom, in the Demilitarized Zone that divides the peninsula, while Washington has agreed to a request by Seoul to postpone joint military drills that always infuriate Pyongyang until after the Olympics and Paralympics.
Unusually, Pyongyang — whose propaganda can be colourfully aggressive, sometimes threatening to turn Seoul into a “sea of fire” — has referred to Moon as “president”, and asserted Kim’s desire for improved North-South relations.
Sceptics say Kim is trying to drive a wedge between the allies — the US has 28,500 troops stationed in the South to defend it from the North — at a time when the international community should remain united in putting pressure and sanctions on the North over its weapons programmes.
Moon has long advocated engagement with the North to bring it to the negotiating table, while the US has insisted that it first take concrete steps towards disarmament.
“It’s quite obvious that Kim’s New Year speech is aimed at driving a wedge between the US and the South,” Handong University political science professor Park Won-Gon told AFP.
“What is important for the South is not to play into the hands of the North.”
– Bigger than yours –
Washington’s rhetoric has been in stark contrast to Seoul’s in recent months.
Kim and Trump have repeatedly traded threats of war and personal insults, and the US president — the size of whose hands has been an occasional topic of debate — responded to Kim’s New Year speech with a bizarre tweet boasting of the scale and functionality of his own nuclear button.
US National Security Advisor H. R. McMaster said that anyone who thought Kim’s declarations reassuring had been “drinking too much champagne over the holidays”.
North Koreans gather for a new year address made by Kim Jong-Un in which he said the country had completed its nuclear deterrent
CIA chiefs reportedly told President Donald Trump last month that he has a “three-month window” in which to act to halt the North’s ICBM programme before the North will have the capability to hit US cities, including Washington, with nuclear missiles.
The White House has yet to formally announce a new ambassador to Seoul, almost a year after Trump took office, and Jon Wolfsthal, former director of arms control at the National Security Council under Barack Obama, said the US had “all but forced” Moon to “forge his own path”.
“Easy pickings for KJU to play the charm offensive and divide the alliance,” he wrote on Twitter.
But other analysts say that Pyongyang has been feeling the pressure of both sanctions and the US administration’s stance.
“Kim was apparently concerned that there is growing possibility of the US resorting to a military option. He has found an escape in relations with the South,” Professor Koh Yu-Hwan of Dongguk University told AFP.
The Pyeongchang Games and Kim’s initiative were a genuine opportunity, said Kim Dong-Yub at the Institute for Far Eastern Studies at Kyungnam University in Seoul.
“By taking advantage of the Pyeongchang Olympics, the North wants to find some breathing space amid crushing sanctions and pressure,” he told AFP.
Whether any rapprochement would last much beyond the Games is unclear, especially if the military exercises do take place afterwards.
Adam Mount of the Federation of American Scientists added: “Symbolic actions like Olympic participation and Panmunjom chats mean little on their own and are not worth paying for.
“But if they pause tests or serve as a wedge for broader talks, they’re vital.”
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