Hepatitis in paediatrics: understanding the risks and prevention strategies

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Hepatitis, a liver inflammation caused by viral infections, is a significant public health concern affecting children worldwide. As a parent or caregiver, it’s essential to understand the risks, symptoms, and prevention strategies to protect your child from this potentially life-threatening disease.

Types of hepatitis affecting children

• Hepatitis A: Spread through contaminated food, water, and faecal-oral contact.
• Hepatitis B: Transmitted through bodily fluids, mother-to-child during birth, and contaminated medical equipment.
• Hepatitis C: Primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact.

Symptoms in children

• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Dark urine and pale stools
• Yellowing of skin and eyes (jaundice)

Complications and Long-term Effects

• Chronic liver disease
• Liver cirrhosis
• Liver cancer
• Increased risk of other infections

Prevention strategies

• Vaccination: Hepatitis A and B vaccines are available and recommended for all children.
• Good Hygiene: Encourage handwashing, proper disposal of faeces, and cleaning of contaminated surfaces.
• Safe Blood Practices: Ensure proper sterilisation of medical equipment and safe blood transfusions.
• Mother-to-Child Prevention: Screen pregnant women for Hepatitis B and provide antiviral prophylaxis to newborns.

Conclusion

Hepatitis in paediatrics is a preventable disease. By understanding the risks and taking proactive measures, you can protect your child from this potentially life threatening condition. Consult your paediatrician for guidance on vaccination and prevention strategies. Together, let’s ensure a healthier future for our children

Dr Karabo Seake: Specialist Neonatologist

Suite 302, 3rd floor

035 791 5428

061 412 3603

info@drkaraboseake.co.za