The number of mpox cases is slowly rising. Twenty-two positive cases have been reported since May this year, including 16 recoveries, three deaths and three active cases – the latest including a suspected case at a Pretoria school.
While the Department of Health has reported that the outbreak is under control, such disease outbreaks are occurring more frequently, making education and awareness on how people and organisations can protect themselves and their employees critical.
Dr Chris van Straten, global health advisor clinical governance at International SOS, gave insight into the symptoms, misconceptions and how people can protect themselves from mpox.
What is the current status, and should we be worried?
According to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, since the first outbreak in May, SA has reported 22 cases of mpox as of July 2024. KwaZulu-Natal and Gauteng account for most of these cases, with a small number in the Western Cape.
“As we continue to monitor the situation closely nationwide, I strongly emphasise the need for caution for those not affected but in risk areas, and those showing symptoms should seek medical attention as soon as possible.”
What is important to note about mpox, and how do you contract it?
Formerly known as Monkeypox, mpox is a viral disease manifesting with symptoms such as fever, headaches, muscle pain and a distinctive rash. The virus is contagious, primarily spreading through close contact with infected animals, humans or contaminated objects.
Why are we seeing an increase in infectious diseases?
Several reasons, such as urbanisation resulting in increased human-animal interaction, global travel, and climate change, can be attributed to the rise of infectious diseases like mpox. These factors contribute to the spread and development of zoonotic diseases, which can be transmitted from animals to humans.
Is there a vaccine for mpox?
Yes, there is. In some circumstances, the vaccine for smallpox, which can protect against mpox, can also be administered.
What misconceptions do people have about mpox?
A common misconception is that specific regions and demographics are immune to mpox. While certain groups may be more susceptible than others, mpox can affect anyone through close contact.
Another misconception is that the disease spreads as easily as some respiratory viruses, which is not the case. Close contact, such as skin-to-skin contact, is usually required to spread the disease.
How can one protect oneself from contracting mpox?
Individuals can protect themselves by avoiding close contact with infected people, practising good hygiene such as washing hands with soap frequently and using personal protective equipment when needed. Controlling the spread of the virus requires early medical intervention, but most importantly, public awareness.
What does the recovery period look like?
Usually, a person with mpox can fully recover within two to four weeks without medical intervention. Individuals with weakened immune systems, complications, or severe rashes might need medical treatment. Drugs used to treat mpox require a prescription and oversight from a healthcare provider.
To stop the infection from spreading, afflicted people must seek medical attention, isolate themselves until they fully recover and protect those around them.
