This day in history

• 625 Boniface V ends his reign as Catholic Pope.

• 1131 Crowning of Louis VII the Young, King of France.

• 1147 King Afonso I of Portugal occupies Lisbon.

• 1147 Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.

• 1241 Goffredo Castiglioni elected as Pope Coelestinus IV (-Nov 10 1241).

• 1315 Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea and William Bradshaw, led an attack on Liverpool Castle.

• 1415 Battle of Agincourt: Henry V’s forces defeat larger French army and the longbow defeats the armoured knight.

• 1415 John IV van Bourgondy becomes Duke of Brabant and Limburg.

• 1415 Battle of Agincourt: Henry V’s forces defeat larger French army and the longbow defeats the armoured knight.

• 1521 Emperor Charles V bans wooden buildings in Amsterdam.

• 1555 Emperor Karel puts son Philip II in charge of Netherlands, Naples and Milan.

• 1616 Dutch East India Company ship “The Eendracht” discovers Dirk-Hartog Island, Australia

• 1666 Brandenburg, Brunswick, Denmark and The Netherlands form anti-French Quadruple Alliance

• 1747 British fleet under Admiral Sir Edward Hawke defeats the French at the second battle of Cape Finisterre

• 1780 John Hancock becomes the first Governor of Massachusetts

• 1812 US frigate United States captures British vessel Macedonian

• 1828 St Katharine Docks opens in London, England

• 1854 The infamous Charge of Light Brigade during the Battle of Balaclava in the Crimean War; over 100 killed.

• 1854 Prince Menshikov of Crimea occupies British base at Balaclava

• 1859 Merchant vessel Royal Charter runs aground at Liverpool, 459 die

• 1861 First Battle of Springfield [Zagonyi’s Charge], fought in Springfield, Missouri, Union victory (US Civil War)

• 1870 Postcards first used in USA

• 1891 First International 6 day bike race (NY Madison Square Garden) ends.

• 1893 Battle of Shangani, Matabeleland: Dr Jameson beats Ndebeles.

• 1900 Great Britain annexes the former Boer South African Republic, renaming it the Transvaal Colony.

• 1901 Joseph Chamberlain, British Colonial Affairs Secretary, makes an anti-German speech in Edinburgh; when word reaches Germany it leads to widespread agitation against the British and breakdown of negotiations for Anglo-German alliance.

• 1902 Santa Maria Guatemala hit by Earthquake; about 6 000 die.

• 1906 Georges Clémenceau succeeds Ferdinand Sarien as Prime Minister of France.

• 1906 US inventor Lee de Forest patents “Audion”, a 3-diode amplification valve which proved a pioneering development in radio and broadcasting.

• 1911 London’s last horse drawn omnibus made its way from London Bridge Station to Moorgate.

• 1915 James L Curtis named US Minister for Liberia.

• 1917 Pan-Russian Congress opens in Petrograd.

• 1918 Canadian steamship “Princess Sophia” hits a reef off Alaska, 398 die.

• 1923 Senate committee publishes 1st report on Teapot Dome scandal.

• 1929 Former Interior Secretary Albert B. Fallconvicted of accepting $100 000 bribe in the Teapot scandal – first US Cabinet member to go to jail.

• 1932 Benito Mussolini promises to remain dictator for 30 years.

• 1937 Belgian government of Zealand falls due to black money.

• 1938 Japanese troops occupies Hankou & Wuhan.

• 1940 Benjamin O Davis Sr. becomes first African American general in US Army.

• 1941 16000 Jews massacred in Odessa Ukraine.

• 1941 Germany attacks Moscow.

• 1941 Winston Churchill routes “Forces South” to SE Asia.

• 1942 Third day of battle at El Alamein: British offensive.

• 1942 Battle of Henderson Field Guadalcanal begins.

• 1942 Field Marshal Rommel back in North Africa.

• 1943 Burma railroad completed and opens.

• 1944 Battle at Cape Engano: four Japanese ships sink.

• 1944 Battle at Samar-island.

• 1944 Battle in Straits of Surigao: Japanese fleet destroyed.

• 1944 Gas output stopped in Amsterdam.

• 1945 Japanese surrender Taiwan to General Chiang Kai-shek.

• 1946 First trial against nazi war criminals in Nuremberg.

• 1951 Peace talks aimed at ending Korean War resumed in Panmunjom

• 1952 First Dutch edition of children’s magazine “Donald Duck”

• 1953 Coal mine in Seraing Belgium explodes, 26 die.

• 1955 Austria resumed its sovereignty after departure of last Allied occupation forces, for first time since German occupation of 1938.

• 1955 Tappan sells 1st microwave oven.

• 1957 Russian minister of Defense Zjoekov deposed.

• 1960 First electronic wrist watch placed on sale, New York City.

• 1960 Cuba nationalizes all remaining US businesses.

• 1961 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR.

• 1962 110th member of UN admitted (Uganda).

• 1962 First Belgian nuclear reactor begins operation.

•1962 American author John Steinbeck awarded Nobel Prize for Literature.

• 1962 US Ambassador to the UN Adlai Stevenson demands USSR UN rep Zorin answer regarding Cuban missile bases saying “I am prepared to wait for my answer until hell freezes over”.

• 1966 Six youths sentenced in “Johnson murderer!” in Amsterdam.

• 1971 United Nations votes to expel the Chinese Nationalist ruled Taiwan and admit the Communist People’s Republic of China.

• 1971 General Meeting of UN agrees to admit People’s Republic of China.

• 1971 A man dies two days after being shot during an Irish Republican Army attack on the British Army in Belfast.

• 1976 Governor Wallace grants full pardon to Clarence Norris, last known survivor of Nine Scottsboro Boys who were convicted in 1931 rape.

• 1978 Israeli government approves “in principle”, a draft compromise peace.

• 1979 USSR performs underground nuclear test.

• 1983 US invades Grenada, a country 1/2,000 its population (US Wins!).

• 1984 King Boudouin opens Museum for Modern Art in Brussels.

• 1984 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR.

• 1984 West German Chancellor Rainer Barzel resigns due to corruption.

• 1986 International Red Cross ousted from South Africa.

• 1992 Lithuania holds a referendum on its first post-Soviet constitution.

• 1993 Airbus A310 of Air Nigeria hijacked, one dead.

• 1994 Susan Smith claims her two children kids were carjacked (she actually killed them).

• 1997 After a brief civil war which has driven President Pascal Lissouba out of Brazzaville, Denis Sassou-Nguesso proclaims himself the President of the Republic of the Congo.

• 2000 A team led by Brigitte Senut and Martin Pickford discover Orrorin tugenensis, one of the earliest species on the human family tree that lived about 6 million years ago, in the Tugen Hills, Kenya.

• 2004 Fidel Castro, Cuba’s President, announces that transactions using the American Dollar will be banned by November 8

• 2009 Baghdad bombings kills 155 and wounds at least 721.

• 2012 Hurricane Sandy makes landfall in Cuba and Haiti killing 65 people and causing over $80-million in damage

• 2013 74 Boko Harem members killed in a coordinated assault in Borno State, Nigeria

• 2016 4 killed on a theme park ride at Dreamworld, in Queensland, Australia

Source: www.onthisday.com