World Diabetes Day is marked on 14 November which was started in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) together with the World Health Organisation (WHO).
The need for awareness arose in response to escalating health threats posed by diabetes.
According to the IDF, 415 million people have diabetes in the world and South Africa had close to three million cases recorded last year.
Sister Hazel Mabulwana of the Parkhurst Clinic said diabetes occurred when the body failed to convert glucose from digested food into energy. She said it was mainly caused by an unhealthy lifestyle but others inherited it.
“There are two main types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2,” said Mabulwana. “Type 1 is prevalent in smaller or thinner persons who are much younger [under 30] and type 2 patients are usually middle-aged and overweight.”
The sister said the main symptoms were unusual weight loss, thirst, fatigue and lack of energy, frequent and recurring infections, slow-healing cuts and bruises, the constant need to urinate as well as tingling and numbness in hands and feet.
Breakfasts for Better Days dietitian, Cheryl Meyer said with good blood sugar control, patients could live long and have healthy lives.
“If you think you or your child may have diabetes, visit your local health practitioner or clinic that can test your blood sugar levels and advise on best steps to take to live the happiest and healthiest life possible,” she said.
Meyer’s top tips for diabetics:
q Regular meals – try and ensure you regulate meals, where possible. This starts with making time for breakfast as soon as you wake up
q Breakfast – Opting for a healthy breakfast not only helps to control your weight but also keeps your blood sugar levels steady
q Snacks –Avoiding sugary snacks means levels stay stable and the chances of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) are reduced
q Exercise – Regular exercise can help to lower blood glucose levels, whilst reducing stress and assist in reaching and maintaining a healthy weight.
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