OPINION: Changing your lifestyle key to managing Diabetes

There are three types of diabetes:

• Type I, which affects children and young people whose bodies do not produce insulin.

• Type II, which makes up 90-95% of all cases especially adults and those who are overweight.

• Type III, called Gestational diabetes, affects pregnant women and usually disappears after pregnancy with a possibility of returning if a healthy lifestyle is not maintained.

Urban lifestyles characterised by low physical activity, food rich in fat and starch and high stress are driving the prevalence of diabetes rates – especially Type II diabetes.

Diabetes is not a death sentence, it can be managed. Management of diabetes includes correct eating habits and regular exercise. Correct eating habits should consist of a moderate intake of the following food groups; carbohydrates (starch), protein and fat. Eating six small portions is recommended, however, in the economic climate we live in today, three balanced meals is acceptable.

Reducing sugary drinks intake and limiting salt in foods will help prevent excessive glucose (sugar) and high blood pressure. The use of pulses e.g. dry beans and lentils in meals creates a slow release of sugars and maintains a steady blood glucose.

Depression is a major influencer in diabetes occurrence and control. Exercise is encouraged to help relieve stress which controls moods therefore controlling and preventing depression. Exercise helps control blood glucose, high cholesterol and most importantly weight. Sixty minutes of exercise per day is acceptable or spread throughout the day e.g. 20 minutes three times a day.

Dr Nicola Rains is based at the NHC Health Centre in Northcliff.