Technology to combat trafficking in shark products
WILDOCEANS have put together a series of training sessions that will assist customs and law enforcement officials across South Africa.
Recognising the challenges faced by law enforcement officials, WILDOCEANS have put together a series of training sessions that will assist customs and law enforcement officials across South Africa.
The programme from WILDOCEANS is run with the support of the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE), and TRAFFIC.
“It’s not just an issue in South Africa, across the world customs and law enforcement agencies on the frontline combatting wildlife trafficking are under-staffed and underequipped,” said Markus Burgener, a senior fisheries expert at TRAFFIC.
Globally, overfishing of sharks has led to some species listed as threatened and others labelled extinct on the IUCN Red List.
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Fisheries worldwide supply shark fins to Asian markets and shark meat to markets in South America, south-east Asia, and Europe.
More than 40 shark and ray species have been listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
Listing in Appendix II requires permits to be issued confirming that the shipments of shark products were obtained legally and sustainably.
However, shark fins are difficult to identify to a species level, and illegal traders use this to their advantage by falsely declaring shipments of fins as being from non-CITES listed species.
Accurately identifying Appendix-listed species is vital to ensure the effective enforcement of CITES.
However, this is a massive challenge for frontline enforcement officials who face high volumes of shark fins passing through land, air, and seaports, along with additional challenges of having to check for other illegal contraband such as drugs and weapons.
“The training and provision of shark identification tools will support law enforcement officials to make better informed and more confident compliance decisions to curb the illegal shark trade,” said Burgener.
These training sessions will highlight the Shark ID Toolkit developed for frontline law enforcement officials such as fisheries control officers and customs officials.
The toolkit includes pocketbooks for quick and easy identification of shark fins, posters, comprehensive identification guides, and 3D printed and painted replica fins of CITES-listed shark species developed by TRAFFIC.
“The overarching objective of our project, made possible by the Shark Conservation Fund (SCF), is to increase protection for the species across South Africa,” said WILDOCEANS marine biologist Jennifer Olbers.
“We are truly excited about what this training and all these tools will mean for the conservation of one of the most endangered taxa on the planet.”
Information on sharks caught in South African fisheries and relevant trade dynamics will be shared through the training series.
Details such as the volume of shark products traded, the key countries importing shark fins and meat from South Africa, the value of the trade, and any discrepancies in reporting of the trade from South Africa are pivotal insights that customs and law enforcement need to be able to effectively contribute to curbing illegal trade in sharks.
“The shark identification exercise at the end of the training brings into practice what we learned here today,” said Mathapelo Kgukutu from Sars, Cape Town division.
Another component covered is the shark meat trade from South Africa to Australia, sourced from several demersal shark species whose population status is of concern.
The identification of shark trunks from these species will be addressed using a newly revised Shark Trunk Guide.
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